Aaj jis daur mein hum sab jis phone ko Hanth mein rakh kar use kar rahe hai wo sirf aur sirf scientist ki hi den hai, yahi hai jo hame waqt se aage le jaane ke baare mein sochte hai, yahi hai jo koshish karte hai hume aaj se behtar kal miley. Scientisto ne aaj tak kai aisi research ki hai aur abhi jo haal filhaal corona aaya tha uske ilaaz ke pichey bhi scientist ke hi haanth hai. Unn sab mein se sabse bada research hai inka LHC. LHC iska matlab hai Large Hadron Collider ye wo machine hai jo future ke liye ek sunhare pal se bahut badi chiz hone waali hai agar ye experiment successful raha toh insaan dharti par suraj jitna ya kahu usse jada energy bana sakhta hai. Ye duniya ka sabse bada aur uncha energy particles collider hai. Isse European organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) ne saal 1998 se saal 2008 mein milkar banaya tha isme lag bhag 10,000 se bhi jada Scientist jude huye hai sath hi sath kai universities aur laboratories bhi aur wo ek ya do country ke nhi purey ke purey 100 country. Isse France se lekar Switzerland ke border Geneva tak banaya gaya hai jiski lambai 27 kilometres, circumference 175 metres aur gehrayi 574 ft hai. Scientists ye baat kaafi aache se jaante hai ki isko baane se puri duniya badal sakhti hai isliye saare scientist bahut mehnat kar rahe hai isse successful banane ke liye. LHC abhi tak ka sabse strong particle accelerator hai , scientists ke mutabik iss experiment ke jariye hum physics ke kuch aan suljhe sawalo ke upar se parda utaa sakhte hai aur uske jawab dhund sakhte hai yaha tak ki Scientist ko jo bhi dikatey aati hai universe ko samjhne mein wo bhi isse dur ho jaayegi aur jitni chahe utni chalaang laga sakhte hai scientist purey brahmaand mein. Kuch scientist toh isko duniya ki sabse badi khoj bata rahe hai, unn mein kuch scientist ka yeh bhi kehna hai ki ye khoj universe ko samjhne aur dekhne ki najariye ko badalne ki nayi shuruaat hai. Hamari duniya ke building block hai jo atom se bhi chotey hotey hai jinhe nangi aakho se ya electron microscope ki madad se bhi dekh pana mushkil hai.
Large Hardon Collider ek aisa machine hai jo roshni ki speed ke saamne unn do Kan Proton aur ions ko ek dusre ke taraf dhakelta hai. Isme kai prakaar ke accelerating structures ke sath sath superconducting magnets ki ring hoti hai jo atoms ko energy produce karne ke liye badhawa deti hai. LHCb ko Beauty quarks naam ke upp atoms ko produce Karta hai jo aam tor par prakriti mein nhi paaye jaate hai lekin LHC mein banaye jaate hai. Cambridge University ke Dr. Paula Cartella iske pichey scientist leader mein se ek thi,Unhone kaha tha ki yeh naya parinaam ek naye molik Kan ya bal ki maujudgi ke taantrik sanket pradaan karta hai jo inn kano ke sath alag alag baat deta hai. LHC ka pahela collision saal 2010 mein hua tha jisme iss machine ne 3.5 teraelectronvolts per beam wo bhi pichle chaar baar se jada record ki gayi thi, LCH mein Higgs boson ki khoj ki announcement saal 2012 mein ki gayi thi leki phir isse upgrade krne ke liye saal 2013 se 2015 tak band kar diya gaya tha lekin jab isko upgrade karne ke baad phir se test kiya gaya toh iss baar bhi isne pichle baar se jada hi records diye the wo bhi 6.5 Tev. Saal 2018 mein phir se isse band kar diya gaya hai upgrade karwane ke liye. Collider mein chaar crossing point hotey hai jaha particles aapas mein takraate hai. Alag alag ghatnao ka pata lagane ke liye isme 7 dictator design kiye gaye hai, aur ye crossing point ke paas maujud hai. Ye experiment pura ek saal ek mahine ke liye kiya jata hai koi choti si result ke liye. LHC ka motive hai particles ke har principles ke baare mein jaan na aur Higgs boson ki properties ko measure karna hai. Scientists ne LHC ke baare mein bistaar mein bataya hai ki jaise L-Large iss sabd ka matlab ye hai ki isse kitne duri tak banaya gaya hai jo ki 27 kilometres hai. H- Hadron kyuki yeh proton ya Ions ko tej karta hai jo particles ke group se related hai aur last hai C-Collider kyunki particles jab opposite direction mein jaate hai toh wo beam banate hai jo machine ke chaaro aur alag alag point se takraane ke liye bane hotey hai. CERN accelerator complex mein energy waali machine use kiye gaye hai, har ek machine mein apna apna beam inject karne se pahale ek confirm energy ke particles ke ek beam ko tej karti hai phir agli machine beam ko aur bhi jada energy laati hai aur aise hi LHC kaam karta hai. LCH ke andar particles ke takraane se pahele do particles light ke speed ke karib pahuchte hai aur aisa karne ke liye beam ko alag alag beam pipe mein opposite direction mein yatra karte hai aur ye tube ko ultra high vacuum par rakhi gayi hai. Scientists jaante hai bahut aache tarike se ki jab hum koi chiz banate hai toh uske kitne faide aur kitne nuksaan bhi hotey hai issi ko banane mein sabhi scientists ne apni jee Jaan tak laga di hai. Yaha tak ki iski Superconducting electromagnets duwara banaye gaye majbut magnetic areas mein unhe accelerator ring ke chaaro aur bhej diya jata hai. Ek confirm temperature ke nichey kuch saamaan ek superconducting state mein enter karti hai aur electric current ke paas hone ke liye koi rukawat nhi banti hai. LHC mein electromagnets ko -271.3°C ke taapmaan par thanda kiya jata hai aur ye normal temperature se bhi thanda hota hai aur agar isse thanda nhi kiya jaaye toh iska result milna utna hi muskil ho jaata hai.
Yaha tak ki Scientists ka ye bhi kehna hai ki agar ye experiment successful raha toh wo sab black matter jiske baare mein jaanna hai uske baare mein bhi easily bataya ja sakhta hai. Black matter hi ek aise chiz hai jis se purey universe mein 3/4 hissa dark matter hi faila hua hai lekin scientist abhi bhi isko lekar confirm nhi hai aur agar aisa hua toh Scientists dark matter ke rahasya ko samjhne mein kaamyaab rahte hai toh ye paheli baar nhi hoga jab LHC ko badi safalta haasil ho rahi hogi, issi ke wajah se Higgs boson ka pata chala tha aur 21st century ki sabse badi khoj isse hi mana jata hai. Abhi haal mein ye khabar aai thi LHC mein kuch takniki kharabi ke kaaran isse 17 hafte ke liye band kar diya gaya hai aur phir kuch dino baad isse phir se chalu kar diya jaayega taaki iss baar koi badi safalta hanth lage.
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Chandan Pandit
